The importance of innovation for the economic performance of industrialized countries has been largely stressed … innovation, is the key parameter in determining sustained growth in a model with endogenous technological change. This paper … takles the extremely important task of identifying and estimating a production function of innovation for European regions …

This paper introduces dynamics in the R&D to innovation and innovation to productivity relationships, which have mostly … individual effects and idiosyncratic errors correlated across equations and that differ in the way innovation enters the … Community Innovation Survey. The results provide evidence of robust unidirectional causality from innovation to productivity and …

may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …

Understanding the factors that may produce a sustained rate of innovation is important for promoting economic … development and growth. In this paper, we examine the role of human capital in firms' innovation by using a large sample of … small and medium sized cities. Patent applications are used as the measure of innovation. Human capital indicators used …

Using Dutch data we empirically investigate how financing and innovation vary across firm characteristics. We find that … when firms face financial constraints, debt financing and innovation choices are not independent of firm characteristics …

diffusion and, to some extent, shaped the geography of innovation. …