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This policy note investigates whether the current level of public support to environment-friendly technologies is sufficient to allow European countries to respond to the multiple challenges posed by climate change and other environmental concerns. We first lay out the justifications for...
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Renewable energy resources possess unique characteristics-intermittency and uncertainty- that pose challenges to electricity grid operations. We study these characteristics and find that uncertainty, represented by wind forecast error, has larger grid impacts than intermittency, or hourly...
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We estimate the relationship between electricity, fuel and carbon prices in Germany, France, the Netherlands, the Nord Pool market and Spain, using one-year futures for base and peak load prices for the years 2009-2012, corresponding to physical settlement during the second market phase of the...
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high and low carbon use of fossil fuels, deployment of RES-E, and energy savings can best be achieved by either setting a …
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This paper reviews the economic effects of the EU Savings Taxation Directive. The Directive aims at enabling taxation … savings. However, this result has to be interpreted with caution since the available data is scarce and not always conclusive …. -- savings taxation ; withholding tax ; information exchange ; European Union …
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