. The paper assembles detailed information about the IP provisions contained in active RTAs notified to the WTO. The goal … was to expand beyond the more commonly studied RTAs, to review the full array of agreements notified to the WTO and thus …

2013. WTO commitments (1.0 p.p. average cut) and unilateral liberalizations on a most-favored-nation (MFN) basis (1.3 p …

We consider the purpose and design of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor, GATT. We review recent … developments in the relevant theoretical and empirical literature. And we describe the GATT/WTO architecture and briefly trace its … central features of the design and practice of the GATT/WTO, and we identify key unresolved issues. …

surveys, on complaints by trading partners at the World Trade Organization (WTO) or notifications by companies or countries … sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS) against which trading partners issued complaints at the WTO. …

There are essentially two types of plurilateral trade agreements (PAs) among WTO Members, an exclusive and an open … discussions. This article takes a sceptical view, since any such PA would need to be agreed by consensus among all 160-odd WTO … treaty frameworks, as "WTO-extra" understandings. …

) enhance the export competitiveness of this sector (b) be WTO compliant and (c) ensure greater market access for Indian apparel …

can be liberalised within the WTO framework. It presents some of the recent estimates of trade costs related to barriers …

For many years now, lack of progress in multilateral trade negotiations has been a major cause of concern among WTO … account of the use of OPAs in the GATT 1947 era and of its revival under the WTO Agreement. It describes the various areas of … the WTO Agreement in which OPAs can be successfully employed to make progress in liberalisation as well as in rule …