down outsourcing into two types by distinguishing whether or not they involve technology sharing between the two parties … technology-sharing-outsourcing IPRs promote outsourcing of more complex goods to a destination country by guaranteeing the … protection of their technology, (ii) for non-technology-related-outsourcing IPRs attract the outsourcing of less complex products …

privatization activity appears to be outsourcing. …

primarily driven by outsourcing from downstream manufacturing _rms. We document that smaller and less innovative manufacturing …

novelty of our approach is that it categorizes labor by occupations, which are invariant to outsourcing. We find that the …

the intermediate from vertically integrated producers, or from independent suppliers. In both cases, offshoring part of …

both crucial for the emergence of outsourcing. The supplier purposefully avoids industry pro.t maximization to enlarge its …

core functions provided the cost of outsourcing is not too high. In this paper, we build a model to show how contraction in … out to say, India (abroad). We identify the conditions under which switching from pure domestic production to outsourcing …