In Germany, formal child care coverage rates have increased markedly over the past few decades. The present paper is … concerned with how mothers ́mental and physical health is affected by whether they place their child in formal day care or not …. Furthermore, the effects of formal child care usage on mother-child interaction are examined. The analysis is based on data …

and birth outcomes in forecasting child health (as indicated by height and weight), child behavioral problems, and a child … childhood developmental outcomes, and only maternal smoking and drinking during pregnancy have some effects on child height. Not … surprisingly, family child-rearing environment has sizeable negative and positive effects on behavioral problems index and math …

around childbirth, we show that the long-run child penalty in annual earnings is 57 log points and it largely depends on the … change in labour supply along the intensive margin. The birth of a child increases the probability of transition to non … that the child penalty is higher for young, low-wage mothers and those taking longer leaves. It is larger in firms with …