households, which in turn affects child outcomes. We estimate how changes in parental labor supply due to these tariff reductions … affect child schooling by focusing on young school-age children who are otherwise not active in the labor market. Using micro …

In Germany, formal child care coverage rates have increased markedly over the past few decades. The present paper is … concerned with how mothers ́mental and physical health is affected by whether they place their child in formal day care or not …. Furthermore, the effects of formal child care usage on mother-child interaction are examined. The analysis is based on data …

In a model with endogenous fertility and labor supply three instruments of family policies are analyzed: child benefits …, subsidies for external child care, and parental leave payments. We compare the impact on the quantity and quality of children …, the secondary earner's labor supply and welfare. Child benefits and subsidies for external child care are more effective …

around childbirth, we show that the long-run child penalty in annual earnings is 57 log points and it largely depends on the … change in labour supply along the intensive margin. The birth of a child increases the probability of transition to non … that the child penalty is higher for young, low-wage mothers and those taking longer leaves. It is larger in firms with …

show that 75 percent of the effect of the birth of a first child on the overall gender gap in employment is accounted for …

We investigate how mother’s employment during childhood affects long term child outcomes. We utilize rich longitudinal … family members and to measure maternal labor force participation throughout the child’s entire childhood. Our empirical …

We study the effect of institutional childcare on child penalties. Using Swiss administrative data, we exploit the … facilities in the year of birth of the first child reduces the child penalty. The availability of childcare increases maternal …