this unforeseen increase in unemployment. We then discuss the role of labour market institutions in the adjustment process … that has brought unemployment back to normal levels. We argue that these institutions cannot be blamed for the increase in … unemployment, but that more flexible institutions could have lead to a more rapid decline in unemployment. …

reducing unemployment compared to most continental European OECD countries. As a rule they have also been and are still ahead …

producing employment growth and in reducing unemployment than most continental-European OECD-countries. It is argued that the … developed venture capital markets should help to alleviate such financial constraints. This view that labor-market institutions …

We evaluate the effects of international outsourcing and labor taxation on wage formation and equilibrium unemployment … reduce equilibrium unemployment of low-skilled workers both in the presence and absence of labor taxation. In the presence of … outsourcing, wage tax, tax exemption and payroll tax have an ambiguous effect on equilibrium unemployment. Increasing the degree …

that labour markets clear competitively. At least for Europe, which has been suffering from high unemployment f or a long … unemployment which results from the union-firm wage bargaining both with optimal and restricted profit taxation when capital is … the private sector playing a Nash game. The main conclusion is that in the presence of unemployment, the conventional …

We study the implications of product and labor market imperfections for equilibrium unemployment under both exogenous … equilibrium unemployment. The relationship between the long-run unemployment and the intensity of product market competition is … long-run equilibrium unemployment is an increasing function of product market imperfections when the elasticity exceeds …

outsourcing cost, profit sharing and equilibrium unemployment, when profit sharing is also a part of the compensation schemes in … wage effect. For equilibrium unemployment the effects of outsourcing cost and profit sharing are ambiguous both in case of … the absence or presence of outsourcing and in this case lower outsourcing cost will decrease unemployment. -- Flexible …