children with lower initial family incomes vs. children with higher initial family incomes. However, offsetting this effect …, our findings also suggest that as children grow up, changes in family income ranking over time are related to children …

In this paper, we provide estimates of the subjectively perceived cost of children depending on the extent of parental … with children in Germany. Our study confirms that the monetary cost of children is substantial and increases with parental … sizeable for families with children. …

overestimation of adults' and an underestimation of children's needs-based equivalence weights. Our results indicate that controlling … for income comparisons eliminates the gap between equivalence scale parameters for adults and children found in other …

-old children. Using German panel data (SOEP), we show that unemployment of fathers and mothers is negatively associated with their … children's life satisfaction. When controlling for time-invariant individual heterogeneity, our results suggest that maternal … differential impacts between sons and daughters or between younger and older children. Further results suggest that the impact of …

data set. In particular, this alternative estimator allows us to exploit the information on children with no siblings in …

fetal growth rate is negatively associated with disruptive behaviors among male children. These results suggest that …