compare their wage assimilation to that of ethnic German immigrants from Eastern Bloc countries and international immigrants … education. However, these disadvantages were smaller than those of international immigrants, supporting the beneficial role of … cultural similarity. The earnings gap relative to West German natives narrowed over time for all immigrants. These findings are …

study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and … exploit a reform of naturalization rules in an instrumental variable estimation. In our sample of recent immigrants, linear … endogeneity of naturalization most coefficients decline in magnitude and lose statistical significance: male immigrants' labor …

This paper studies the association between the unemployment experience of fathers and their sons. Based on German … and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers' unemployment is causal for offsprings' employment … intergenerational unemployment transmission. This outcome is robust to alternative data structures and to tests at the intensive and …

aggregate unemployment. Our evidence supports countercyclical teenage fertility. …