large and persistent negative relationships between unemployment and the risk of repeated unemployment and being out of … that unemployment has a negative effect on later labour market attachment. This is consistent with existing findings in the … present in the data before changing the inference. Thus, unemployment leaves young workers with long-term scars …

age 25 for East and West German youths: non-employment (i.e., unemployment or out of the labor force), permanent fulltime …

This paper studies the association between the unemployment experience of fathers and their sons. Based on German … and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers' unemployment is causal for offsprings' employment … intergenerational unemployment transmission. This outcome is robust to alternative data structures and to tests at the intensive and …