identification strategy relies on German maternity leave length. The key aspect of the maternal leave framework is that mothers can … wage. The results provide evidence that mothers are willing to sacrifice a significant fraction of their wage to reduce …

exploit the setting of the German reunification. A state socialist country, East Germany strongly encouraged mothers to … reunification, we show that even a partial exposure to East German colleagues induces "native" West German mothers to accelerate …

We investigate how mother’s employment during childhood affects long term child outcomes. We utilize rich longitudinal …

(CEL) of 1997, and the differentiation in its implementation across regions, as instruments for schooling of young mothers … education of mothers increases the probability of completing the full course of DPT and Hepatitis B vaccinations for their …

of mothers in the target group, but only weak evidence of an increase in contracted hours of work. However, both … adjustments are only short term following the reform. When we consider sub-groups of mothers more closely, we find substantial … heterogeneity in the affected outcomes and the timing of these effects. In particular, when we exclude mothers on job …

—through duration expansions to the kindergarten day—to better understand mothers’ and families’ constraints. We first show that mothers … performing household duties, and less time commuting with their children in the middle of the day relative to mothers with half …-day kindergarten expansions were responsible for as much as 24 percent of the growth in employment of mothers with kindergarten …