to 2009. We show that the real-time output gaps are informationally inefficient in the sense that survey data available …. -- output gap ; capacity utilisation ; real-time analysis ; survey data ; survey data …

-19 lockdown, we randomly selected about 600 adults in El Salvador to survey using two different tools: telephone … interviews or a self-completion survey via WhatsApp. We find that phone-based surveys increase the rate of survey completion by …

This paper studies how managers plan under uncertainty. In a new survey panel on German manufacturing firms, we show …

We propose a new method to design a short survey measure of a complex concept such as women's agency. The approach … combines mixed-methods data collection and machine learning. We select the best survey questions based on how strongly … candidate questions. This approach of selecting survey questions based on their statistical correspondence to coded qualitative …

well as our broader (policy) attitudes and values. We fielded large online survey experiments in Italy, Spain, Germany and … intentions, policies & taxation, and identity & values. With a randomised survey ow we vary whether respondents are given COVID …

The ifo Institute for Economic Research has been conducting the ifo business survey since its foundation in 1949. To …

A large literature studies subjective beliefs about economic facts using unincentivized survey questions. We devise … randomized experiments in a representative online survey to investigate whether incentivizing belief accuracy affects stated … provision does not reduce bias in our survey-based belief measures. …

We administer a newly-designed survey to a large panel of retail investors who have substantial wealth invested in … financial markets. The survey elicits beliefs that are crucial for macroeconomics and finance, and matches respondents with …

Motivated by the observation that survey expectations of stock returns are inconsistent with rational return … pricing literature are consistent with the survey evidence. We empirically test (1) the notion that survey forecasts … constitute rational but risk-neutral forecasts of future returns, and (2) the notion that survey forecasts are ambiguity averse …