We study the impact of the Belgium lockdown on retail prices using a unique dataset tracking daily prices and …, retailers, products, and over time. We show that LP chains reacted the most to the lockdown with spatial heterogeneity. The …

We study how the introduction of private-label brands (PLs) affects retailers' prices, demand, and profits, explicitly …

; diversity ; market structure ; welfare ; monopolistic competition …

prices and features of goods without incurring search costs. The platform alleviates sellers' competition by charging them …

evidence suggests that wholesalers and retailers play an active role in international trade. We present a model of retailers … that retailers compete over the marginal consumer (the extensive margin). …

greater retail competition. These effects mitigate distortions from fee discrimination and improve welfare. In terms of policy …

competition. Pass-through of the VAT reduction was higher in product groups with a large number of competing products. We …

. The model accounts for the special interests of downtown retailers and competing superstores at the edge of the city, and … studies how lobbying by both groups shapes the government’s policy. We find that downtown retailers typically have steeper …. This result is strengthened if some consumers visit both downtown and edge-of-town retailers. The presence of an …