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We empirically investigate whether the persistence of politicians in political institutions affects the innovation …' innovation activity. However, once the causal effect is isolated by means of instrumental variables, using death of politicians … persistence and the probability of process innovation. This finding is consistent with the view that political stability may …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009010055
-return characteristics of the selected innovation project and the mode of commercialization chosen by entrepreneurs (market entry versus sale … desire of governments to foster risky 'breakthrough' innovations. -- business taxation ; innovation ; market entry …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009130215
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003688885
During the recent financial crisis, euro area firms, and especially Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, have been reporting acute problems of access to external finance. Using firm-level replies to the SME survey on access to finance, we use two indicators of financing constraints based on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009380414
Small businesses (SMEs) depend on banks for credit. We show that the severity of the Eurozone crisis was worse in countries where firms borrowed more from domestic banks ("domestic bank dependence") than in countries where firms borrowed more from international banks. Eurozone banking...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012119808
This paper investigates the factors (such as different sources of financing, energy audits and internal monitoring activities) affecting the propensity of European small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt energy efficiency measures (EEMs). For this purpose, a Probit model is estimated...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013440418
This paper investigates how access to finance and skilled workforce endowments affect the propensity of European small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt different types of resource efficiency measures (REMs), possibly simultaneously. For this purpose, a Multinomial Logit model is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014435290
Consumption risk sharing among U.S. federal states increases in booms and decreases in recessions. We find that small firms' access to credit markets plays an important role in explaining this stylized fact: business cycle fluctuations in aggregate risk sharing are more pronounced in states in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003807913
Ownership of small businesses can facilitate upward mobility through the income hierarchy and help individuals maintain a place at the higher end of the income distribution hierarchy. This paper compares the positional stability of owners of small businesses with that of wage earners, arguing...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003850142
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are important for employment and economic activity; however, they are perceived to lack adequate financing, which hampers their growth. As a consequence, governments have implemented a number of programs to foster SME lending and attention has focused on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003850504