This article investigates the macro-level drivers of adult-age language learning. We construct a new dataset that … covers German language learning in 77 countries (including Germany) for 1992-2006. Fixed-effects regressions show that … language learning in the EU is strongly associated with immigration. Instead, immigration by non-EU citizens in associated with …

decision to learn, while two concern as well the choice of the particular language to learn. Literacy generally promotes … learning while the world population of speakers of the native language generally discourages it. Trade with speakers of a … specific language prompts learning of that specific language while the linguistic distance between the home and the foreign …

influence of reading performance on math performance, highlighting the importance of early language support for immigrants for …

approach using, as an instrument, the measurement of how far, on average, official language differs from ordinary language. The …

-country language skills and educational attainment? We exploit the exogenous placement of guest workers from five ethnicities across … exposure to a higher own-ethnic concentration impairs immigrant children's host-country language proficiency and increases … school dropout. A key mediating factor for this effect is parents' lower speaking proficiency in the host-country language …

from 1985 to 2004. A special emphasis is put on the role of the language spoken in the various municipalities. Our results … sensitive to tax rates set by their close neighbours only. We also reject the hypothesis that the language does not matter: in … municipalities speaking different languages than between municipalities speaking the same language. That observation is particularly …

; language ; culture ; internal migration ; gravity ; Germany …