globalization and import dependency as a short-term reaction to economic turbulences and geopolitical upheaval at the onset of war …

This study examines the causal joint effect of a new political regime and war against Iraq on life expectancy of … Iranians for the period 1978–1988 during the revolution and war. I use a synthetic control approach to construct a synthetic … evolution of the factual Iranian life expectancy during the post-revolution period through the end of the war. I find a sizable …

nothing if it loses. We study a model of war with such an asymmetric payoff structure, and private information about military … win the war unless its expected military technology is considerably worse. Our model may thus explain why defending …

associated with the second stage of the war game if Russia wins the war in its first stage and if there is uncertainty about NATO …

to go to war with each other, even after controlling for a wide set of measures of geographic distance and other factors …

quo without arming (or unarmed peace) and open conflict (or war) that is possibly destructive. With a focus on outcomes … that are immune to both unilateral deviations and coalitional deviations, we find that, depending on war’s destructive …, but only when the configuration of parameters describing the degree of output security and the degree of war's destruction …

whether to resolve their dispute through war or peacefully through settlement. War precludes international trade and can be … under the threat of war. We characterize the conditions under which peace is stable and show that, depending on war …