This study is an empirical investigation of theoretical predictions concerning the impact of bank competition on bank … banking increases, the loan-to-asset ratio will rise (under reasonable assumptions), but the probability of bank failure can … either increase or decrease. However, the probability of bank failure will fall if and only if borrowers' response to take on …

granular effects: if markets are very concentrated in terms of the size distribution of banks, idiosyncratic shocks at the bank … of itself, and it may also influence concentration in banking and thus the impact of bank-specific shocks for the … micro-macro panel dataset. Our research has three main findings: First, bank-level shocks significantly impact on GDP …

the efficiency of institutions worldwide, the problem concerning the availability of internationally standardized data …. We calculate efficiency scores for more than 4,800 universities and other research-focused institutions worldwide … America or Europe. The results of the study show that institutions in the Pacific region have the highest average efficiency …

government share in GDP; and as a measure of government efficiency, we construct an index by following the methodology of Afonso … efficiency. Specifically, while a larger size of government is bad for incentives when one ignores efficiency, the results change … drastically when government efficiency is also taken into account. Only when our measure of size exceeds our measure of efficiency …