expansion in female sports participation by using variation in the level of boys' athletic participation across states before … changes between pre- and post-cohorts reveals that a 10-percentage point rise in state-level female sports participation … participation. Furthermore, greater opportunities to play sports leads to greater female participation in previously male …

The paper proposes a simple and innovative methodology for measuring the incidence of gambling expenditure in countries … merging data on the geographical location of gambling outlets, together with residents' socio-economic and demographic … results and yields a measure of -0.42, which implies that the implicit tax associated with gambling is highly regressive. …

outlets in Israel for two years (2015-2016), I find that gambling revenue spikes at social security paydays. The estimation …