broadband infrastructure in rural areas of Germany. Such subsidies are subject to state aid control by the European Commission … subsidies complied with EU state aid rules, both in terms of effectiveness and competition. …

&D investment, and derive predictions on the effects of trust and competition on suppliers' investment and buyers' procurement … - but also with more competitive procurement: trust and rents from reduced supplier competition in the procurement process …

competition policy is likely to face more challenges as large companies are becoming more common in more and more industries. …

We propose an analysis of platform competition based on the academic literature with a view towards competition policy …. First, we discuss to which extent competition can emerge in digital markets and show which forms it can take. In particular … competition in platform markets. Second, we analyse competition policy issues and discuss how rules designed for standard markets …

Platform interoperability is considered a powerful tool to promote competition in digital markets when network effects … are at play. We study the effect of interoperability on competition between two ad-financed platforms, allowing for …

incorporated. We find that tougher competition between the JV partners may actually increase channel profit under such a scheme. We …