-country language skills and educational attainment? We exploit the exogenous placement of guest workers from five ethnicities across … exposure to a higher own-ethnic concentration impairs immigrant children's host-country language proficiency and increases … school dropout. A key mediating factor for this effect is parents' lower speaking proficiency in the host-country language …

COVID-19 abruptly impacted the labor market with the unemployment rate jumping to 14.7 percent less than two months … after state governments began adopting social distancing measures. Unemployment of this magnitude has not been seen since … the Great Depression. This paper provides the first study of how the pandemic impacted minority unemployment using CPS …

U3, the official unemployment rate, is an inadequate gauge of labor-market slack and the extent to which it misinforms … varies substantially over the business cycle. The U6 unemployment rate is usually about 4 percentage points above U3. However …

The Finnish unemployment rose in the early 1990 s from three to eighteen percent in four years. Unemployment has then … this unforeseen increase in unemployment. We then discuss the role of labour market institutions in the adjustment process … that has brought unemployment back to normal levels. We argue that these institutions cannot be blamed for the increase in …

influence of reading performance on math performance, highlighting the importance of early language support for immigrants for …

approach using, as an instrument, the measurement of how far, on average, official language differs from ordinary language. The …