, primarily, but not exclusively, fostering industrialization. We discuss the thin, but growing literature that evaluates the …

This research explores the long-run effect of industrialization on the process of development. In contrast to … subsequent decades. Nevertheless, early industrialization had an adverse effect on income per capita, employment and equality by … that the characteristics that permitted the onset of industrialization, rather than the adoption of industrial technology …

. We then study the implications of our findings for quantitative trade theory. Using likelihood methods and the EDD, we …

plausibly exogenous source of variation in early industrialization across regions of nineteenth-century Prussia, capital …