purpose, we use a detailed numerical model for the energy markets in Europe and Russia - LIBEMOD. Our results suggest that … removing implicit subsidies to Russian gas consumers will have substantial impacts on total consumption of gas in Russia …

globalization. We study two waves of representative population surveys conducted in Austria, one right before the Russian invasion … globalization and import dependency as a short-term reaction to economic turbulences and geopolitical upheaval at the onset of war … in Europe. We show that two months after the invasion, anti-globalization sentiment in general has not spread, but that …

fragmentation? Do they comply with or circumvent Western sanctions on Russia? Using comprehensive transaction-level bill of lading … firms in non-sanctioning countries significantly reduced exports of sanctioned products to Russia (and Belarus) if their … sanctions. Sanctioning MNEs expanded exports of sanctioned products to both sanctioning and Russia-friendly countries …