trade, slavery and early colonialism were linked to human capital formation, but this connection appears to have been … quickly than inner areas. This pattern was affected by French early colonialism and by the reaction of different West African …

affect its dominant values, we examine the case of the movement for the abolition of slavery in the late 18th and early 19th … values and weak economic interest in the status quo to mobilize for change. Using data on anti-slavery petitions, membership … parliamentary speeches to show that industrialists were relatively less reliant on income from slavery and were characterized by a …

. We study an overlooked part of this Columbian Exchange: the effects of New World crops in Africa. Specifically, we test … Africa. We find robust empirical support for these predictions. We also find little evidence to suggest maize increased …