Bisin, Alberto (contributor); Gottardi, Piero (contributor); … - 2004
using financial markets and shareholders cannot perfectly monitor the managers̕ portfolio in order to keep him from hedging … monitoring is costly governance is imperfect. If managerial hedging is detected, shareholders can seize the payoffs of the …) conditional on the firms̕ performance, the managers̕ compensation is lower when his portfolio is monitored, even if no hedging is …