This paper investigates the long-run economic relationship between health care expenditure and income in the world … in the form of either a common factor model or a spatial process. We estimate a global measure of income elasticity using … all countries in the sample, and for sub-groups of countries, depending on their geo-political area and income. Our …

substitution and income effects of tax reforms. We use a triple-difference estimator that exploits variation from subnational tax … reforms, for which behavioral responses to taxes are identified even in the presence of unobservable shocks to the income … distribution. While high-income taxpayers respond more to tax changes, our results suggest this reflects much more the income or …

such as a tariff or carbon tax affecting international and internal income distributions through a Heckscher-Ohlin nexus of … environmental externality such as carbon emissions, and I assume a high income elasticity of demand for environmental quality. I … analyze how per-capita income levels of and differences between two countries affect their abatement efforts in a …

estimate the taxable income elasticity at a very large kink point of the Swedish tax schedule using the bunching method. During … bounds on the long-run elasticity than previous studies. If wage earners on average tolerate 1% of their disposable income in … optimization costs, the upper bound on the long-run taxable income elasticity is 0.39. We also evaluate the performance of the …

can get an estimate of the taxable income elasticity from the bunching pattern around a kink point. The bunching estimator … cannot identify the taxable income elasticity when the functional form of the distribution of preference heterogeneity is … unknown. We find that an observed distribution of taxable income around a kink point in a budget set can be consistent with …

income elasticities of willingness to pay (WTP) for ecosystem services to proxy the degree of limited substitutability. Based … on 861 income-WTP pairs from more than 400 studies, we estimate an income elasticity of WTP of around 0.8. Combined with …

personal income, higher unemployment rates and lower urban population shares. There is no evidence for an asymmetry in the … recent policy debate about the impact of gasoline tax holidays on consumers' discretionary income, about the demand …

such adjustments, we perform a global meta-analysis of contingent valuation studies to derive income elasticities of … marginal willingness to pay (WTP) for ecosystem services to proxy the degree of limited substitutability. Based on 735 income …-WTP pairs from 396 studies, we find an income elasticity of WTP of around 0.6. Combined with good-specific growth rates, we …