In last few decades, Asian production networks have contributed significantly toward the rapid trade expansion and …, the ability of the rest of the world to absorb Asia's exports has decreased. Export production in some Asian countries has … standards. This can be done by leveraging production networks to graduate to higher value-added, knowledge-intensive activities …

West German manufacturing subset of the IFO Business Climate Survey to infer quarterly production changes at the firm level … and combine them with production expectations over a quarterly horizon in the same survey to construct series of … and at most 34 percent of firms systematically over- or underpredict their one-quarter-ahead upcoming production. In a …

pass-through the cost shock fully on their export prices. Their production, exports and employment fall. A consequence of … only firms able to adapt their production process to energy cost shocks have survived. Importantly, when faced with large …