sequencing of benefits), monitoring in conjunction with sanctions, and workfare. Our reading of the theoretical literature is … that the case for imposing a penalty on less active job search is fairly solid. A growing number of empirical studies …

monitoring and sanctions restores search incentives most effectively, since it brings additional incentives to search actively so … of improving the efficiency of UI: the duration of benefit payments, monitoring in conjunction with sanctions, and … monitoring and sanctions than in the other two systems. Workfare appears to be inferior to the other two systems. …

effort and benefit sanctions if observed search is deemed insufficient. We find that introducing monitoring and sanctions …This paper analyzes the design of optimal unemployment insurance in a search equilibrium framework where search e …¤ort among the unemployed is not perfectly observable. We examine to what extent the optimal policy involves monitoring of search …

We build and estimate a non-stationary structural job search model that incorporates the main stylized features of a … typical job search monitoring scheme in unemployment insurance (UI) and acknowledges that search effort and requirements are … measured imperfectly. Based on Belgian data, monitoring is found to affect search behavior only weakly, because (i) assessments …

The paper presents a model that allows a unified analysis of sickness absence and search unemployment. Sickness appears … worker may prefer nonparticipation if the disutility of search is amplified by sickness. The decisions governing labor force … affect individual decisions on absence and search and the implications for employment, unemployment and nonparticipation. The …

search productivity of unemployed is constant over the unemployment spell, benefits should typically increase or be constant … increasing benefits, moral hazard problems for constant benefits and decreasing search productivity for decreasing benefits. …

We use the synthetic control method to estimate the effect of international banking and energy sanctions from 2012 to … Iran before the international sanctions of 2012. We then compare the military spending of the counterfactual Iran without …

Using a new, global data base covering the years 1950 to 2015, we study the impact of sanctions on international trade …

We empirically analyze the effect of UN and US economic sanctions on life expectancy and its gender gap in target … matching approach to account for the endogeneity of sanctions. Our results indicate that an average episode of UN sanctions … reduces life expectancy by about 1.2-1.4 years. The corresponding decrease of 0.4-0.5 years under US sanctions is …