palm oil) that are harmful to the environment (such as rainforests) or replace such components with NGO …-certified sustainable components. Under which conditions does NGO pressure lead firms to eliminate basic components from their products or … product differentiation. It shows that, for an NGO that collects certification fees to accrue its budget and finance its …

efficiency selectivity criteria but focus on the geographic location of the NGO and the manager's network. International donors …, instead, follow efficiency proxies of both the NGO and the manager, including the manager's level of education, the …