household outcomes. We find that in cities with a larger kindergarten exposure, families significantly reduced fertility, with …. Households reduced fertility because kindergarten attendance increased returns to education, but it also led to higher …

In a model with endogenous fertility and labor supply three instruments of family policies are analyzed: child benefits …

This paper examines the causal effects of a major change in the German parental leave benefits on fertility. I use the …

What role does affordable and widely available public child care play for fertility? We exploit a major German reform … fertility. The fertility effects are more pronounced at the intensive than at the extensive margin, and are not driven by tempo … effects or selective migration. Our findings inform policy makers concerned about suboptimally low fertility by suggesting …

This chapter reviews the literature on the causal effects of policies on fertility. It focuses on evidence from … experiments and quasi-experiments in low fertility contexts, including studies from Europe, Northern America, Oceania and Asia … insurance, and financial incentives such as child transfers. Childcare expansions increase completed fertility. Financial …

causal effect of childcare costs on fertility in a context in which childcare enrollment is almost universal, user fees are … families with children already enrolled in child care. -- childcare ; cost of children ; fertility ; quasi …

This paper studies the effect of cultural attitudes on childcare provision, fertility, female labour supply and the … gender wage gap. Cross-country data show that fertility, female labour force participation and childcare are positively … a model with endogenous fertility, female labour supply and childcare choices which fits these facts. There may exist …

Fertility and the provision of long-term care are connected by an aspect that has not received attention so far: both …'s fertility as well as their labor supply when young are affected by such policies. The overall effect can be decomposed into an … opportunity-cost effect and a consumption-smoothing effect that each impact fertility as well as labor supply in opposite …