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Inequality of opportunity and income redistribution
Preuß, Marcel; Reyes, Germán; Somerville, Jason; Wu, Joyce - 2023
We examine how people redistribute income when there is uncertainty about the role luck plays in determining … whether luck magnified workers' effort ("lucky opportunities") or determined workers' income directly ("lucky outcomes"). We … find that participants redistribute less and are less reactive to changes in the importance of luck in environments with …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014251993
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Measuring unfair inequality : reconciling equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty
Hufe, Paul; Kanbur, Ravi; Peichl, Andreas - 2018
Rising income inequalities are widely debated in public and academic discourse. In this paper, we contribute to this debate by proposing a new family of measures of unfair inequality. To do so, we acknowledge that inequality is not bad per se, but that its underlying sources need to be taken...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011864650
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The causal component in the intergenerational transmission of income
De Haan, Monique; Stubhaug, Magnus - 2024
We apply a partial identification analysis using comprehensive Norwegian register data to investigate the causal effect of father’s income on child income. We find a strong association between the incomes of fathers and children. The causal effect, however, equals at least 1% and at most 51%...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015077749
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Bounds of unfair inequality of opportunity : theory and evidence for Germany and the US
Niehues, Judith; Peichl, Andreas - 2012
Previous estimates of inequality of opportunity (IOp) are lower bounds because of the unobservability of the full set of endowed characteristics beyond the sphere of individual responsibility. Knowing the true size of unfair IOp, however, is important for the acceptance of (some) inequality and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009535094
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Multidimensional equality of opportunity in the United States
Hufe, Paul; Kobus, Martyna; Peichl, Andreas; Schüle, Paul - 2022
Are the United States still a land of opportunity? We provide new insights on this question by invoking a novel measurement approach that allows us to target the joint distribution of income and wealth. We show that inequality of opportunity has increased by 77% over the time period 1983-2016....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013093036
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Don't stop believin' - heterogeneous updating of intergenerational mobility perceptions across income groups
Schwarz, Anna; Warum, Philipp - 2023
This article presents a novel explanation why demand for redistribution on average does not respond to information on low intergenerational mobility. Building on insights from behavioral economics, we expect that incentives to update perceptions of intergenerational mobility change along the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014321966
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Getting lucky : the long-term consequences of exam luck
Landaud, Fanny; Maurin, Eric; Willage, Barton; Willén, … - 2022
This paper studies the impact of exam luck on individuals’ education and labor market success. We leverage unique … improvements in both their high school GPA and diploma probability. Subsequently, exam luck generates substantial and persistent … wage differentials across otherwise identical individuals. These luck-induced wage effects are of a similar magnitude as …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012817815
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How equal are educational opportunities? : family background and student achievement in Europe and the United States
Woessmann, Ludger - 2004
This paper estimates the effects of family-background characteristics on student performance in the US and 17 Western European school systems. Family background has strong effects both in Europe and the United States, remarkably similar in size. France and Flemish Belgium achieve the most...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011402504
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Academic achievement and tracking : a theory based on grading standards
Ehlers, Tim; Schwager, Robert - 2019
We present a theory explaining the impact of ability tracking on academic performance based on grading policies. Our model distinguishes between initial ability, which is mainly determined by parental background, and eagerness to extend knowledge. We show that achievements of low ability...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012105595
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Does a wealth tax improve equality of opportunity?
Berg, Kristoffer; Hebous, Shafik - 2021
Does parental wealth inequality impact next generation labor income inequality? And does a tax on parental wealth affect the labor income distribution of the next generation? We tackle both questions empirically using detailed intergenerational data from Norway, focusing on effects on wages...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012597127