We study the relationship between education and fertility, exploiting compulsory schooling reforms in England and … Continental Europe, implemented between 1936 and 1975. We assess the causal effect of education on the number of biological … children and the incidence of childlessness. We find surprising results for Continental Europe: the additional education …

development. It affects human capital through both religious and secular education. It affects population and labor by influencing … work effort, fertility, and the demographic transition. And it affects total factor productivity by constraining or …

relocate to new labor markets, individuals in the middle of their careers reduce fertility and adjust family formation …

may be self-enforcing also in a more general model where education is an alternative to work, and the disutility of child …

evidence that import com-petition affected fertility decisions. The results highlight the role of gains from joint consumption …

Fertility has a strong biological component generally ignored by economists. Using the UK Biobank, we analyze the …-nurture interplay becomes stronger in more egalitarian environments that empower women, allowing genes to express themselves more fully …

the affirmative. Specifically, nations with a history of women’s suffrage, greater representation of women in the … government, lower fertility rates, and better overall gender equality experienced lower income inequality, ceteris paribus. These … underinvesting in initiatives to empower women. …

and its heterogeneous effects on the labor market opportunities of men and women affected demographic behavior. We focus …. While there was no change in the overall fertility rate, marital fertility declined, and there was an increase in nonmarital … relative prospects of men may reduce their marriage-market value and affect marital and fertility behavior. …

nutrition of their offspring. In this setting we demonstrate that relatively high metabolic costs of fertility, which may have …