emerged in many European countries after World War I. We demonstrate that economic policy uncertainty was instrumental in … Hungary (GAPH) suffered from frequent uncertainty shocks - and correspondingly high levels of uncertainty - caused by …. In contrast, other European countries exhibited lower levels of measured uncertainty between 1919 and 1925, allowing them …

technologies under uncertainty. Specifically, given two technologies, one with lower costs at present, but the other with greater … emissions. In the near-term, R&D investments, either by government or the private sector, can bring down the costs of these … uncertainty in the returns to R&D, how should one allocate the R&D budget? We develop a multi-stage stochastic dynamic programming …

find that the only significant relationship implies the existence of a lagged effect of prices on output in the case of the …

framework and firm-level prices and quantities data for detailed products allowing us to both measure demand, and its changes …

Prices, and reduces price volatility. Our findings are important for emission trading schemes worldwide, such as California …

firms' revenue, quantity and prices to estimate TFP and TFP-R and decompose the latter into various elements. Our analysis … suggests that the revenue productivity advantage of denser areas is mainly driven by higher prices charged rather than …, despite higher prices. These and other results we document suggest that firms in denser areas are able to charge higher prices …

significantly increased in the municipalities receiving aid. This additional entry decreased average prices. Therefore, the …

We study the dual relationship between market structure and prices and between market structure and investment in … mobile telecommunications. Using a uniquely constructed panel of mobile operators’ prices and accounting information across … 33 OECD countries between 2002 and 2014, we document that more concentrated markets lead to higher end user prices …

uncertain costs. It is found that with supply function competition, and in contrast to Bayesian Cournot competition … private signals or more correlation among the costs parameters. In fact, for large values of noise or correlation supply …