study the effect of reductions in tariffs and outward FDI taxes in both bilateral and unilateral contexts, examining steady …

Historically, tariffs have been an attractive policy tool to protect domestic industries. The benefits of such a policy …

WTO negotiations deal predominantly with bound - besides applied - tariff rates. But, how can reductions in tariffs … from the real options literature; doing so we highlight the important role of bound tariffs at the extensive margin of … trade. We find that bound tariffs are more effective with higher risk destination markets, that a large binding overhang may …

to use contingent tariffs to control import surges of food commodities and/or downward spikes in their border prices. The …

as tariffs, can continue to disadvantage foreign firms. We analyze the bidding strategies in such a game and show that … when domestic profits are valued, tariffs will be used to discriminate against foreign firms. Furthermore, we find that … optimal tariffs can be more protectionist than the optimal price preference, resulting in lower expected domestic welfare and …