Purchasing power adjusted incomes applied in cross-country comparisons are measured with bias. In this paper, we … estimate the purchasing power parity (PPP) bias in Penn World Table incomes and provide corrected incomes. The bias is … bias and the bias in consumer price index (CPI) numbers. The PPP bias and subsequent corrected incomes are measured by …

behaviors and outcomes, universalists donate less money locally but more globally, are less likely to exhibit home bias in …

fixed effects estimator, which ignores measurement errors, is biased. By correcting for the bias one can construct …. -- Panel regression ; multiplicative measurement errors ; bias correction ; asymptotic variance ; disclosure control …The paper explores the effect of measurement errors on the estimation of a linear panel data model. The conventional …

intent of individuals (bias). This "victimhood bias" wherein individuals ascribe noise to bias is much larger for (a … observe that both inter-ethnic contact and economic development are associated with a decline in this victimhood bias. Finally …, those with a lower victimhood bias are more likely to behave cooperatively in inter-ethnic rela-tionships. Our results …