containing structural and financial information. The ifo Institute assembled a business panel with executives from almost 4 …

Germany. Moreover, the anonymized micro data can be used for a wide range of research projects. In order to obtain robust … results, the panel of survey participants must be large enough and as representative as possible for the German economy. This … article describes the composition of the panel participants based on various criteria, such as representativeness at the …

The ifo Business Climate Index for Germany is considered as the most important leading indicator for the German economy …

This paper studies how managers plan under uncertainty. In a new survey panel on German manufacturing firms, we show …

measure agency for 209 women in Haryana, India, first, through a semi-structured interview and, second, through a large set of … close-ended questions. We use qualitative coding methods to score each woman's agency based on the interview, which we treat … resulting five-question index is as strongly correlated with the coded qualitative interview as is an index that uses all of the …

her individual characteristics. In panel data, the model predicts that the variance in responses for different … characteristics. The data confirm the model’s predictions as well as the estimator’s validity. Finally, we turn to a large panel data …