This paper reports the results from a statistical analysis of pharmaceutical price negotiations in Germany, where the … pricing system was changed in 2011 in order to tie prices more to the benefits of the pharmaceuticals. A multiple linear … regression of 187 pharmaceuticals which were assessed from 2011 to 2017 suggests that, despite the change, the manufacturers …

We study the impact of product margins on pharmacies' incentive to promote generics instead of brand-names. First, we … construct a theoretical model where pharmacies can persuade patients with a brand-name prescription to purchase a generic … producer and retail level. In the empirical analysis, we find a strong relationship between the margins of brand-names and …

find that prices have a negative impact on transitions in the sense that an increase in the brand price will reduce the … transition from generics to brand and likewise an increase in the generic price will reduce the transition from brand to generics … cholesterol. The two brand-name products on the Norwegian markets were Provachol (atc code C10AA03) and Zocor (atc code C10AA01 …

natural policy experiment in Norway, to what extent the price responsiveness of prescription choices is affected when the … structural model for the three drugs, covering demand and price setting, is estimated in a joint maximum likelihood approach. We … national insurance. -- pharmaceuticals ; discrete choice model ; funding-schemes …

explains large price heterogeneities across buyers, drug classes, and time periods. Additionally, of the drug price variation … transaction volume, buyer's loyalty, and multiple drug purchases strengthens buyer's bargaining power and results in a drug price …

-quality product and limits the wholesale price a brand manufacturer can charge. If, however, the branded product is not available … price is salient in the store, this aligns the retailer's incentives with the brand manufacturer's interest to make quality …We provide an explanation for a frequently observed vertical restraint in ecommerce, namely that brand manufacturers …

Understanding how price regulations affect the adoption of new patent-protected pharmaceutical technologies is a … crucial question in designing health systems. This paper addresses this question by examining how price expectations shape the … the impact of price interdependencies and potential firm strategies in launch and pricing decisions. The empirical …

medicines conflicts with traditional sources of arbitrage (e.g., price and income differences) and instead is a form of … regulation, and not by price differences in line with the hypothesis of "regulatory arbitrage". …