training itself does not result in net cost. In this context it seems important to examine the question whether the potential … net cost of training (during the training period) are a major determinant for the demand for apprentices. Different count … data models, in particular hurdle models, are used to estimate the effect of net cost on the demand for apprentices. The …

cost of tax farming is the ex-ante inefficiency due to the auction mechanism while a cost of direct collection is the ex …-post monitoring cost the government incurs to prevent theft. When the monitoring cost is high the government therefore allows tax …

This paper examines the impact of increasing the relative cost of fixed-term contracts on labor demand as well as the … that raised the cost of fixed-term contracts while keeping permanent contract costs unchanged. We employ a difference …

' understanding of the possible circumstances in which actions will have to be chosen and their attitude towards risk and uncertainty …

; trade cost elasticity ; heterogeneity ; zero trade …

It is analyzed the impacts of outsourcing cost and wage tax progression under labor market imperfections with Nash wage … bargaining and flexible outsourcing. With sufficiently strong (weak) labor market imperfection, lower outsourcing cost has a wage …

trade costs that indirectly infers trade frictions from observable trade data. I show that this trade cost measure is …