pesticides are generally more stringent than under autarky. As a result, trade increases the price volatility of crops produced …

. (2023) to estimate global food price mean and volatility indicators, the latter measuring uncertainty and risk in the global … volatility shocks have sizeable effects on food price inflation in all countries and persistent second-round effects on core … volatility) and their effects on core inflation to formulate appropriate policy responses. …

Covid-19. We show that there exist threshold effects in the relationship between output growth and excess global volatility … observations. Our results show that the Covid-19 pandemic will lead to a significant fall in world output that is most likely long …

openness is associated with bigger governments if (i) the price volatility of a country's export basket is substantial and (ii … (accounting for approximately 96 percent of world population) from 2000-2016 is consistent with this hypothesis. Exploring areas … subject to high price volatility on the global market. …

The volatility of unanticipated output growth in income per capita is detrimental to long-run development, controlling …. This effect is significant and robust over a wide range of specifications. We unravel the effects of volatility by opening … dependence, physical and institutional barriers to trade and associated policy shocks increase volatility sharply and harm growth …

framework is suitable to analyse both mean and volatility spillovers, and also allows for possible parameter shifts resulting … food crisis and 2008 financial crisis leading to the most significant shifts in the (volatility) spillovers between the …

unfavorable harvest shocks in other regions of the world significantly curtail domestic economic activity. The effects are much …