Civil war is often caused by poverty, and further demolishes existing capital. Such a vicious circle is detrimental for … economic development of countries experiencing civil war. Civil war may also contribute to creative destructions of traditional … economic, social and political system, leading to a more rapid post-war growth. Until now little research exists tackling …

systematically more likely to slip into civil conflict and civil war. Intuitively, political preferences and beliefs of highly … polarization and test its predictive power in explaining the likelihood of civil conflict and civil war, analyzing 146 countries … educational polarization is associated with a 4.6 and 3.8 percentage point rise in the chances of civil conflict and civil war …

of civil war outbreak with more comprehensive data. I find that international commodity price downturns sparked civil … beyond Sub-Saharan Africa since 1980. Effects are sizable relative to the baseline risk of civil war outbreak. My conclusions … commodities on the one hand and minerals, oil, and gas on the other, I find stronger increases in the risk of civil war outbreak …

nothing if it loses. We study a model of war with such an asymmetric payoff structure, and private information about military … win the war unless its expected military technology is considerably worse. Our model may thus explain why defending …

income. We explain this process of democratization as a rational way for incumbent elites to wage war effectively on other …

standalone effects. In this study, we focus on the case of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the subsequent Iran-Iraq war from … 1980 to 1988. We use the synthetic control method to study the effect of revolution and war on changes in income inequality … levels. Had there been no revolution and war in Iran, how would income inequality have developed? Utilizing the synthetic …

international conflict. In this paper, we investigate whether this motive is sufficiently important for war to persist in … Immanuel Kant (1795, 1991) always exists. The reason is that in the absence of the threat of war, leaders are unable to divert … exist with a positive war frequency. Third, if multiple equilibria exist, the perpetual peace equilibrium may be unstable in …

conflict is about rival goods, more similar groups are more likely to engage in war with each other. We formalize these ideas …