a massive expansion of electricity from renewable energy sources in Germany over the last decade. The increase in non …

We study (energy) markets with dirty incumbents and costly entry by clean producers. For intermediate entry costs, the …

higher costs in achieving the cap. Conversely, a more ambitious emission target automatically increases the RES-E share. In a …

these complementarities, which in these markets arise due to startup costs. I find that startup costs are substantial and … settings, I find that startup costs limit the ability of firms to change production over time, exacerbating fluctuations in … market prices. These fluctuations can induce estimates of market power that ignore dynamic costs to overstate markup …

I estimate the level of emissions cost pass-through to hourly wholesale electricity prices in Germany, based on spot … generator allows me to use marginal fuel and carbon costs (rather than prices) as explanatory variables in order to identify the … level of cost pass-through directly and with a high level of precision. I find that carbon costs are passed through to …

energy deployment. The numerical results reveal that the long term subsidies in Germany set prices that provide higher …

problems, but increase mitigation costs by around 15 percent compared to the first-best for unity inequality aversion. Adding … renewable energy subsidies or non-linear energy subsidies, reduces mitigation costs further without relying on observability of …

The data indicate that non-wage labour costs in Germany have reached a record high in recent years. From 1972 to 2001 …, the ratio of non-wage labour costs to direct compensation in West German manufacturing industry rose from 55.6 per cent to … 81.2 per cent. The topic of non-wage labour costs is increasingly being discussed among and between the political parties …