rebellion in 18th century Russia where the state increased security forces and levied taxes more efficiently after the uprising …

estimating the size of the shadow economy for 157 countries over 1991 to 2017. The results suggest that the OECD countries are by … far the lowest with values below 20% of off official GDP and the shadow economy is larger in Latin America and Sub ….9 %. What is really remarkable, that the average decline of the shadow economy from 1991 to 2017 is 6.8 percentage points. The …

&D cooperation. This paper explores this idea by analysing on the one hand the incentives for EU, Japan and Russia to adopt this …

(China, India, Russia, Brazil) on the other. -- Climate change ; global negotiation …

Using Russia as a case study and a global VAR model as a methodological tool, we analyze how heightened geopolitical … response functions in response to the skyrocketing Russian geo-political risk shock after Russia's invasion of Ukraine revealed …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods - COVID-19 and the war between Russia and … trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia, …

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, governments around the world have provided a massive fiscal and monetary stimulus … selfish individuals and more on the mobilization of people’s prosocial motives. Finally, to encourage people around the world … encourage people around the world to cooperate globally in tackling global problems, with the aid of two powerful tools that …

Using data from the World Uncertainty, World Trade Uncertainty, and World Pandemic Uncertainty indices for 142 …