supply stop on the German economy. Combining conventional and narrative sign restrictions, we find that gas supply and demand … was driven by adverse supply shocks and positive storage demand shocks, as Germany filled its inventories before the …

oil and electricity, took place. Using monthly price data, we find a highly integrated market where wholesale demand seems …

We study planned price changes in German firm-level survey data to infer the relative importance of supply and demand … during the Covid-19 pandemic. Supply and demand forces coexist, but demand deficiencies dominate in the short run. Quarter … role for demand stimulus policy to buffer the Covid-19 economic crisis. …

the time of the year. Most of the reversion back to oil occurs in spring and summer when demand for gas to heating and …

Using firm and industry data, we establish two facts: (i) Uncertainty about demand conditions not only reduces export … of export shares from the most to the least productive incumbents. Greater skewness of the demand distribution and …

varies across countries (the fickle fringe), the interdependence in demand or production technology making vectors of … with the size of the destination market and with the ability to match demand, but is inversely related to market …