natural policy experiment in Norway, to what extent the price responsiveness of prescription choices is affected when the … structural model for the three drugs, covering demand and price setting, is estimated in a joint maximum likelihood approach. We …

counterproductive behavior if the buyer uses a competitive auction to determine the terms of trade than if he uses his price setting …

This paper studies collective contests with endogenous cost sharing, general effort costs and intra-group heterogeneity … of prize-valuation. Our objective is to clarify the relationship between cost sharing, intra-group heterogeneity within … the competing groups and the elasticity of the marginal cost of effort incurred by the individual contestants. We also …

nevertheless improve welfare if it involves a downstream firm whose cost is low enough . This is because by raising the input price … favor of the more efficient firm. However there is a tradeoff between the gain in productive efficiency and the loss in … consumers surplus caused by a higher downstream price which follows a higher input price. It is also shown, through an example …

efficient firms are active. This is likely to lead to price increases, rather than decreases. …