culture of corruption. …

towards the powers that be; thus corruption is a method of governance. We trace the systemic corruption back to the Mongolian …This paper argues that corruption in Russia is systemic in nature. Low wage levels of public officials provide strong … incentives to engage in corruption. As corruption is illegal, corrupt officials can be exposed any time, which enforces loyalty …

We examine whether a corruption scandal in which the incumbent is implicated undermines trust in local government. We … use a novel dataset containing information on local corruption scandals reported in Spain during the period 1999 - 2009 … matching methods to improve the identification of the effect of corruption scandals on trust, comparing municipalities affected …

-central governance ; accommodating ; and competing …

We study how the shadow economy affects pollution and how this effect depends on corruption levels in public … be accompanied by higher pollution levels. Our theoretical model predicts that controlling the levels of corruption can … levels of pollution are dependent on the levels of corruption. Our results hold when we control for the effects of other …

social capital; then, social capital determines the level of corruption; finally, corruption affects economic performance. We … test this hypothesis on a dataset of Italian provinces, and address the possible endogeneity of corruption by applying an … IV model. We use three sets of historical instruments for corruption: 1) foreign dominations in 16th-17th century, 2 …

limited period). The stated reason for this sudden "demonetization" was to combat tax evasion and corruption associated with … is little evidence that sectors thought to be associated with greater tax evasion or corruption experienced significantly … may be due to possible indirect effects of the announcement on perceptions of future corruption among these firms. …