We study the effect of childbirth on local and non-local employment dynamics for both men and women using Belgian … show that 75 percent of the effect of the birth of a first child on the overall gender gap in employment is accounted for … by gender disparities in non-local employment, with mothers being more likely to give up non-local employment compared to …

In a model with endogenous fertility and labor supply three instruments of family policies are analyzed: child benefits …, subsidies for external child care, and parental leave payments. We compare the impact on the quantity and quality of children … in balancing family and work than parental leave payments. The welfare analysis shows that the introduction of subsidies …

children. Furthermore, education increases the age of first marriage and birth, changes women's and their spouse's labour …

household outcomes. We find that in cities with a larger kindergarten exposure, families significantly reduced fertility, with …. Households reduced fertility because kindergarten attendance increased returns to education, but it also led to higher … opportunity costs for raising children. Indeed, we show that children exposed to kindergartens were less likely to work during …

’s employment on children’s wellbeing (which proxy traditional gender attitudes). Drawing on a large, representative and …Does employment during motherhood change peoples preferences? We study whether the experience of employment during … longitudinal data and an instrumental variable (IV) strategy that exploits a Bartik instrument for employment, we find that, that …

family types. We compare sibling differences in families where the mother enters the labor force when the children are older …We investigate how mother’s employment during childhood affects long term child outcomes. We utilize rich longitudinal … family members and to measure maternal labor force participation throughout the child’s entire childhood. Our empirical …

maternal employment by 4% when children are in breastfeeding age. …

, lower infant mortality, higher urbanization, and higher population density had lower levels of fertility during the 19th and …We investigate the determinants of the fertility decline in Europe from 1830 to 1970 using a newly constructed dataset … of linguistic distances between European regions. We find that the fertility decline resulted from a gradual diffusion of …