and economic growth. We make use of a Johansen-based panel cointegration methodology allowing for cross-country dependence … the direction of potential causality between financial and economic development. Our results conclude to the existence of … a single cointegrating vector between financial development and growth and of causality going from financial development …

growth for 21 African countries over the period from 1970 to 2006, using recently developed panel cointegration and causality … cointegration ; panel causality … cointegration relationship when country groups are considered. -- Africa ; energy consumption ; economic growth ; panel …

We make use of a bootstrap panel analysis of causality between energy use and economic growth for a sample of sixteen …

fractional integration and cointegration methods. The univariate results indicate that the two series are highly persistent …, their orders of integration being around 2, whilst the cointegration tests (using both standard and fractional techniques …

countries is examined applying a fractional cointegration method which tests for the possible existence of a long …