disease mortality across states over time. The results show that there is a causal link between health and income per person …

want to check whether nursing homes were lending themselves to excess mortality even before the pandemic. Controlling for a … in mortality between those two samples is to be attributed to the way nursing homes are designed and organised. Using … matching methods, we observe excess mortality in Belgium, France, Germany Luxembourg, Switzerland, Estonia and Czech Republic …

The Black Death killed 40% of Europe's population between 1347-1352, making it one of the largest shocks in the history … more generally. Using a novel dataset that provides information on spatial variation in Plague mortality at the city level … population returns to high-mortality locations endowed with more rural and urban fixed factors of production. Land suitability …

We propose an innovation-driven growth model in which education is determined by family background and cognitive … ability. We show that compulsory schooling can move a society from elite education to mass education, which then triggers …, compulsory education is implemented first and triggers the onset of market R&D. According to the British way, market R&D is …

The aim of this paper is to study the long-run effects of a longevity increase on individual decisions about education …

mortality for women. -- compulsory schooling ; education ; mortality ; Europe … example, report contradictory effects of education and compulsory schooling on mortality - ranging from zero to large … mortality reductions. Using data from 19 compulsory schooling reforms implemented in Europe during the twentieth century, we …

Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe. We draw on an instrumental variable strategy exploiting individual level information …

Continental Europe, implemented between 1936 and 1975. We assess the causal effect of education on the number of biological … children and the incidence of childlessness. We find surprising results for Continental Europe: the additional education …We study the relationship between education and fertility, exploiting compulsory schooling reforms in England and …

European school systems. Family background has strong effects both in Europe and the United States, remarkably similar in size …