Although instruction time is an important and costly resource in education production, there is a remarkable scarcity …-specific instruction time within Switzerland to determine the causal impact of instruction time on student test scores, as measured by the … international PISA test (2009). We extend the analyses in two ways and find that students must differ considerably in the time …

admission reform that led to the exogenous reshuffling of pupils. The results indicate that a 10-percentile-point increase in …

several non-experimental approaches, including a comparative interrupted time series and a synthetic control method. Our …

combines a review of the emerging international literature with new evidence from German longitudinal time-use surveys. Based … and students' cognitive and socio-emotional development. The German panel evidence shows that children's learning time … year later. In a value-added model, learning time increases with daily online class instruction, but not with other school …

collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … Germany. We find that while students on average reduced their daily learning time of 7.4 hours by about half, the reduction …-achievers disproportionately replaced learning time with detrimental activities such as TV or computer games rather than with activities more …