We investigate how tariff liberalization has affected exporting in emerging countries. We use a highly disaggregated …

expenditure. We also show how either an unbalanced distribution of political bargaining power, or tariff revenue co …

WTO negotiations deal predominantly with bound - besides applied - tariff rates. But, how can reductions in tariffs … ceilings, i.e. tariff rates that no exporter may ever actually be confronted with, generate market access? The answer to this … question relates to the effects of tariff bindings on the risk that exporters face in destination markets. The present paper …

WTO imposed tariff reforms will reduce the overall welfare level of the Vietnamese households. Moreover, the biggest loss … of income will take place among the poor rural households in Vietnam. We propose other tariff reforms that both raise …

quantification based on countries observed degrees of openness, tariff revenues, and on the gravity elasticities of tariffs and …

.S. trade policy that eliminated potential tariff increases on Chinese imports. Industries where the threat of tariff hikes …

so far, leading to only a 0.3 percentage point (p.p.) cut in the worldwide average applied tariff duty between 2001 and … 2013 more than halved the worldwide welfare gains to be expected from the tariff-cutting provisions of the hypothetical …

tariff rate, and tariff reductions applying to all trade if there are no free trade zones in the country (in the sense of … numerical simulation methods to compare conventional national tariff reductions to trade liberalization achieved through the … geographical expansion of free trade zones in terms of welfare impacts. Either the size of the free trade zone with a fixed tariff …

make clear that the type of PTA matters significantly for the bloc’s tariff structure. Our results carry out important …