This paper examines the effects of port development on the economy. By using scarce local land intensively, ports put … – a technology that substantially increased land requirements at the port – to estimate the effects of port development … the causal effect of the shipping boom caused by containerization on local population is zero – port development increases …

international and internal trade with port and road infrastructure to assess the relative importance of ports versus roads in … elasticity of route switching governs the relative gains from port vs road improvements. I find that returns of improving ports …

suggest that developing models in which economic agents have degrees (or levels) of economic cognition which are endogenously … instead introduce continuous metrics of cognition into economic thinking. Such an approach also poses the two policy issues of … whether raising levels of economic cognition should be an objective of policy and whether policy interventions motivated by …